Substituted anilide carbamates

ABSTRACT

New compounds corresponding to the formula:   IN WHICH R1 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl; R2 is alkyl, lower alkenyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl in which the substituents are lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, nitro or halogen; and R3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, inclusive, halogenated lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, furyl or benzyl; provided that when R1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl R3 is other than lower alkyl and further provided that when R1 is hydrogen and R2 is methyl, R3 is other than hydrogen, halogenated lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or lower alkenyl. The above-defined compounds are effective herbicides, particularly for the control of grasses and broadleaf plants with both pre-emergence and post-emergence activity. Representative compounds are: 3&#39;&#39;-(N-n,propylcarbamoyloxy)cyclopropane carboxanilide, 3&#39;&#39;-(N-n-butylcarbamoyloxy)crotonanilide, 3&#39;&#39;-(Nethylcarbamoyloxy)furoyl anilide, 3&#39;&#39;-(N,N-diallylcarbamoyloxy) propionanilide, 3&#39;&#39;-(N-n-propylcarbamoyloxy)vinylacetanilide and 3&#39;&#39;-(N-i-propylcarbamoyloxy)2-bromo isobutyranilide.

[11] 3,872,157 Mar. 18, 1975 1 SUBSTITUTED ANILIDE CARBAMATES [75] Inventors: Mervin E. Brokke, Richmond;

Eugene G. Teach, El Cerrito, both of Calif.

[73] Assignee: Stauffer Chemical Company, New

York, NY.

[22] Filed: Oct. 23, 1967 [21] Appl. N0.: 677,050

0TH ER PUBLICATIONS FMC Chemical Abstracts, Vol. 68 (1968), page 779964-Abstract of Neth. app]. 6,614,472 (April 17, 1967).

Primary ExaminerJames A. Patten Attorney, Agent, or FirmHarry A. Pacini; Daniel C. Block; Edwin H. Baker [57] ABSTRACT New compounds corresponding to the formula:

in which R, is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl; R is alkyl, lower alkenyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl in which the substituents are lower alkyl. lower alkoxy, nitro or halogen; and R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, inclusive, halogenated lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, furyl or benzyl; provided that when R, is hydrogen or lower alkyl R, is other than lower alkyl and further provided that when R, is hydrogen and R is methyl, R is other than hydrogen, halogenated lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or lower alkenyl. The above-defined compounds are effective herbicides, particularly for the control of grasses and broadleaf plants with both pre-emergence and post-emergence activity. Representative compounds are: 3'-(Nn,propylcarbamoyloxy)cyclopropane carboxanilide, 3-(N-n-butylcarbamoyloxy)- crotonanilide, 3'-(N'ethylcarbamoyloxy)furoyl anilide, 3'-(N,N-diallylcarbamoyloxy) propionanilide, 3'- (N-n-propylcarbamoyloxy)vinylacetanilide and 3"( N i-propylcarbamoy1oxy)2-bromo isobutyranilide.

6 Claims, N0 Drawings in which R is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, and lower alkenyl; R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl, lower alkenyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl and substituted phenyl wherein said substituents are members selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, nitro and halogen; and R is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, inclusive, halogenated lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, furyl and benzyl. Provided that when R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R is other than lower alkyl; and further provided that when R is hydrogen and R is methyl, R is other than hydrogen, halogenated lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lower alkenyl. The term alkyl, as used herein, preferably includes those members of the group which contain from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, inclusive, in both straight chain and branched chain configurations. Examples of such groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl, nhexyl, n-heptyl, isooetyl and n-octyl. The terms lower alkyl and lower alkoxy preferably include members of the groups having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, inclusive. The term cycloalkyl preferably includes members of the group having from 3 to carbon atoms, inclusive, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl and cyclopentyl. The term lower alkenyl preferably includes those members of the group containing at least one double bond and containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, inclusive.

The compounds of this invention are prepared by one of several general methods. One such general method useful for the preparation of 3-(N-mono-substituted carbamoyloxy) compounds, herein disclosed, is the condensation between the appropriate 3-hydroxy substituted anilide and the appropriate isocyanate. Another general method for the preparation of 3-(N,N- disubstituted carbamoyloxy) compounds, herein disclosed, is the condensation between the appropriate 3- alkylamidophenylchloroformate and an appropriate disubstituted amine. These reactions proceed readily in the liquid phase. The employment of a solvent is also useful, facilitating processing, as well as agitation of the reactants. An inert organic solvent, e.g. chloroform, ether, dioxanc, tetrahydrofuran or acetone, is employed as a reaction medium. It is preferred to carry out the reaction of the hydroxyanilide and isocyanate, in the presence ofa catalyst, such as triethylenediamine and di-n-butyl tin dilaurate. A temperature that permits operation in the liquid phase and which is between room temperature and reflux temperature of the solvent if one is used, is preferably employed in these reactions.

Compounds of the present invention are prepared in accordance with the following illustrative examples.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of 3 N-n-propylcarbamoyloxy )cyclopropane carboxanilide.

To 10.6 g. (0.06 mole) of 3-hydroxy cyclopropane carboxanilide dissolved in 100 ml. of acetone is added 5.6 g. (0.066 mole) of n-propyl isocyanate and about 100 mg. of triethylene diamine and about 100 mg. of di-n-butyltindilaurate. The mixture is heated at reflux for 2 hours. The mixture is worked up to recover the crystalline product. There is obtained a yield of 12.4 g. (79% of theory) of the title compound: m.p. 168170 C.

EXAMPLE 11 Preparation of 3-(N-nbutyl carbamoyloxy) crotonanilide To 9.9 g. (0.056 mole) of 3-hydroxy crotonanilide dissolved in 100 ml. of acetone is added 6.0 g. (0.061 moles) of n-butylisocyanate and about 100 mg. of triethylene diamine and about 100 mg. ofdibutyltin dilaurate. The mixture is heated at reflux for 2 hours. The mixture is worked up to recover the crystalline product. There is obtained a yield of 10.8 g. of theory) of title compound, m.p. 138140C.

EXAMPLE 11! Preparation of 3'-(N-ethyl carbamoyloxy)furoyl anilide To 10.2 g. (0.05 moles) of 3'-hydroxy furoyl anilide is dissolved in ml. of acetone containing about 100 mg. of triethylene diamine and about 100 mg. of di-nbutyltin dilaurate was added 4 g. (0.056 moles) ofcthyl isocyanate. The mixture is heated at reflux for 2 hours. The crystalline product is recovered by evaporation of the acetone under vacuum. The crude product, is redissolved in acetone, precipitated with water, and dried. There is obtained a yield of 9.5 g. (74% of theory) of the title compound, m.p. 146I47C.

EXAMPLE 1V Preparation of 3 N,N-diallylcarbamoyloxy )propionanilide Diallyl amine 21 g. (.19 moles) is added dropwise to a tetrahydrofuran solution containing 22.8 g. (0.1 mole) of 3'-propionamido phenyl chloroformate. The mixture is stirred for 1 hour after addition is complete. The THF is then removed under vacuum. The residue is poured into water and the oily product taken up in methylene chloride, washed with acid and base and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent is evaporated under vacuum to give a thick oily liquid. n,,"l.539(). The yield of the title compound is 16.4 g. (57% of theory).

EXAMPLE V 3'-(N-n-propylcarbamoy1oxy)vinylacetanilide To 12.4 g. (0.07 moles) of 3'-hydroxyvinyl acetanilide dissolved in 100 m1. of acetone containing about The following is a table of the compounds which are prepared according to the aforedescribed procedures. Compound numbers have been assigned to them and are substituted for identification throughout the bal- 5 ance of the specification.

EXAMPLE V1 11 Preparation of 3-(N-i-propylcarbamoyloxy)2-br0mo isobutyranilide 10 TABLE I To 12.9 g. (0.05 moles) of 3-hydroxy-2-bromo O isobutyranilide dissolved in 100 ml. of acetone contamll ing about 100 mg. of triethylene diamine and about 100 mg. of d1butyl tin dilaurate 15 added 4.7 g. (0.055 15 moles) of isopropyl isocyanate. The mixture 18 heated 2 at reflux for two hours. The crystalline product is re- NHC R covered. There is obtained a yieldof 13.0 g. (76% of n 3 theory) of the title compound m.p. 179-181C.

Com- R, R R m.p. C pound Number or n,,"

I hydrogen ethyl vinyl 142-144 2 hydrogen ethyl 2-methylvinyl 137-140 3 hydrogen ethyl cyclopropyl 191-194 4 hydrogen n-propyl viny1 142-145 5 hydrogen n-propyl 'l-methylvinyl 158-160 6 hydrogen n-propyl cyclopropyl 168-170 7 hydrogen i-propyl viny1 177-180 8 hydrogen i-propyl 2-meth \'l\'in \1 168-1 3 9 hydrogen i-propyl cyclopropyl I 111-214 10 hydrogen a11y1 viny1 135-138 1 1 hydrogen a11y1 2-mcthylvinyl 147-148 12 hydrogen a11y1 cyclopropyl 158-160 13 hydrogen n-butyl viny1 151-153 14 hydrogen n-butyl 2-methy1viny1 138-140 15 hydrogen n-butyl cyclopropyl 160-163 16 hydrogen n-butyl l-chlorocthyl 153-157 17 hydrogen cyclohexyl viny1 178-183 18 hydrogen cyclohexyl 2-methylviny1 160-162 19 hydrogen cyclohcxyl cyclopropyl 207-210 20 hydrogen ethyl 2-fury1 146-147 21 hydrogen propyl 2-fury1 138-140 22 hydrogen i-propyl l-methylvinyl 168-171 23 hydrogen i-propyl 2-lury1 149-155 24 hydrogen a11y1 l-mcthylvinyl 129-131 25 hydrogen cyclohexyl l-methylvinyl 172-175 26 hydrogen a11y1 2-1ury1 1265-128 27 hydrogen n-butyl 2-fury1 145-148 28 hydrogen 3-ch1orophenyl Z-methylvinyl 162.5-165 29 hydrogen 3-chlorophenyl cyclopropyl 176-178 30 hydrogen n-propyl cyclobutyl 3| methyl methyl cyclopropyl 139-1405 32 hydrogen methyl Z-furyl 33 hydrogen cyclohexyl Z-furyl 163-167 34 hydrogen phenyl 2-methylvinyl 154-156 35 hydrogen phenyl cyclopropyl 157-160 36 hydrogen phenyl 2-1uryl 1635-166 37 a11y1 a11y1 ethyl 1.5390 38 hydrogen methyl benzyl 39 hydrogen ethyl hcn'lyl 171.5; 17. 40 hydrogen n-propyl hemyl 179.5-1R1.5 41 hydrogen i-propyl henzyl 175.5-178 42 hydrogen allyl henzyl 165-167 43 hydrogen n-butyl henzyl 157-159 44 hydrogen phcnyl benzyl 152-154 45 hydrogen cyclohexyl benzyl 192-194 46 hydrogen ethyl a11y1 1.4627 47 hydrogen propyl a11y1 149-150 48 hydrogen i-propyl a11y1 99-101 49 hydrogen a11y1 a11y1 131-133 50 hydrogen n-butyl a11y1 138-140 51 hydrogen n-butyl 3-chloropropyl 141-144 52 hydrogen phenyl 3-chloropropyl 136-139 53 hydrogen i-propyl 2-bromo-iso- 179-181 p py 54 hydrogen n-butyl 2-bromo-iso- 160-162 p py 55 hydrogen phenyl 2-bromo-iso- 149-1 54 propyl 56 ethyl ethyl cycloprnpyl 132-134 57 hydrogen tert-butyl cyclopropyl 189-192 As previously mentioned, the herein described compounds produced in the above described manner are phytotoxic compounds which are useful and valuable in controlling various plant species. Compounds of this invention are tested as herbicides in the following manner.

Pre-emergence herbicide test. On the day preceding treatment, seeds of seven different weed species are planted in individual rows using one species per row across the width of the flat. The seeds used are hairy crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinatis (L.) Scop.), yellow foxtail (Sezaria glauca (L.) Beauv.), watergrass (Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv.), wild oat (Avena fatua (L.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus (L), Indian mustard (Borassica juncea (L.) Coss.) and curly dock (Rumex crispus (L.). Ample seeds are planted to give about 20 to 50 seedlings per row, after emergence, depending on the size of the plants. The flats are watered after planting. The spraying solution is prepared by dissolving 50 mg. of the test compound in 3 ml. of a solvent such as acetone containing 1% Tween 20 (polyoxy-ethylene sorbitan monolaurate) and diluting with a small amount of water. The followmg day each flat is sprayed at the rate of 20 pounds of the candidate compound per 80 gallons of solution per acre. An atomizer is used to spray the solution on the soil surface. The flats are placed in a greenhouse at 80F. and watered regularly. Two weeks later the degree of weed control is determined by comparing the amount of germination and growth of each weed in the treated flats with weeds in several untreated control flats. The rating system is as follows:

.no significant injury (0-15 percent control) slight injury (25-35 percent control) +1- moderate injury (55-65 percent control) +1-1- severe injury or death (85-100 percent control) An activity index is used to represent the total activity on all seven weed species. It is the sum of the number of plus marks, so that an activity index of 21 represents complete control of all seven weeds. The results of this test are reported in Table II.

Post-emergence herbicide test. Seeds of five weed species including hairy crabgrass, watergrass, wild oats, lndian mustard, and curly dock and one crop pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), are planted in flats as described above for preemergence screening. The flats are placed in the greehouse at 72-85F. and watered daily with a sprinkler. About to 14 days after planting when the primary leaves of the bean plant are almost fully expanded and the first trifoliate leaves are just starting to form, the plants are sprayed. The spray is prepared by weighing out 50 mg. of the test compound, dissolving it in 5 ml. of acetone containing 1% Tween (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate) and then adding 5 ml. of water. The solution is sprayed on the foliage using an atomizer. The spray concentration is 0.5% and the rate would be approximately 20 lb/acre if all of the spray were retained on the plant and the soil, but some spray is lost so it is estimated that the application rate is approximately 12.5 lb/acre.

Beans are used to detect defoliants and plant growth regulators. The beans are trimmed to two or three plants per flat by cutting off the excess weaker plants several days before treatment. The treated plants are placed back in the greenhouse and care is taken to avoid sprinkling the treated foliage with water for three days after treatment. Water is applied to the soil by means of a slow stream from a watering hose taking care not to wet the foliage.

TABLE 11 Herbicidal Activity Screening 2O lh/acre Compound Pre Post Number emergence emergence l 12 I4 2 19 18 3 19 1h 4 8 1-1 5 l4 l7 6 l6 l7 7 7 8 16 1h 9 l4 l5 l0 4 13 ll 16 1h 12 1'9 18 13 t 4 14 15 l7 l5 l7 16 16 3 l-t 17 3 8 l8 l2 It) 19 5 12 2O l9 18 21 11 I8 22 12 18 23 I2 18 24 l4 17 25 9 13 26 12 17 27 12 15 28 5 I2 29 l 10 31 I5 16 33 4 ll 34 l2 I8 35 4 16 36 11 37 20 18 39 9 12 40 8 9 4] l2 1U 42 12 14 43 ll 13 44 a u 45 q 46 21 IR 47 21 is 48 21 IR 49 21 1X 50 21 1X 51 11 I4 52 1 9 53 12 17 54 15 17 55 1 I5 56 l9 18 57 21 18 The compounds of the present invention are used as pre-emergence or post-emergence herbicides and are applied in a variety of ways at various concentrations. In practice the compounds are formulated with an inert carrier, utilizing methods well-known to those skilled in the art, thereby making them suitable for application as dusts, sprays, or drenches and the like in the form and manner required. The mixtures can be dispersed in water with the aid ofa wetting agent or they can be employed in organic liquid compositions, oil and water, water in oil emulsions, with or without the addition of wetting. dispersing or emulsifying agents. The amount applied depends upon the nature of the seeds or plants to be controlled and the rate of application varies from I to approximately 50 pounds per acre. One particularly advantageous way of applying the compound is a narrow band along a row crop straddling the row. In practice the compounds are formulated with an inert carrier utilizing methods well-known to those skilled in the art, thereby making them suitable for this particular application.

The concentration of a compound of the present invention, constituting an effective amount in best mode of administration in the utility disclosed is readily determinable by those skilled in the art. Various changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described herein and will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which it pertains. It is accordingly intended that the present invention shall only be limited by the scope of the claims.

What is claimed is l. A compound having the formula:

in which R, is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, inclusive, and lower alkenyl having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, inclusive; R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, inclusive, and lower alkenyl having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, inelusive; and R is benzyl.

2. A compound according to claim 1 in which R, is hydrogen and R is ethyl.

3. A compound according to claim 1 in which R, is hydrogen and R is n-butyl.

4. A compound according to claim I in which R, is hydrogen and R is n-propyl.

5. A compound according to claim I in which R, hydrogen and R is i-propyl.

6. A compound according to claim 1 in which R, hydrogen and R is allyl. 

1. A COMPOUND HAVING THE FORMULA:
 2. A compound according to claim 1 in which R1 is hydrogen and R2 is ethyl.
 3. A compound according to claim 1 in which R1 is hydrogen and R2 is n-butyl.
 4. A compound according to claim 1 in which R1 is hydrogen and R2 is n-propyl.
 5. A compound according to claim 1 in which R1 is hydrogen and R2 is i-propyl.
 6. A compound according to claim 1 in which R1 is hydrogen and R2 is allyl. 